The requirements for an autism diagnosis are about to be redefined, according to Medical Xpress. The American Psychiatric Association is due to include the new parameters in the 2013 edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, otherwise known as DSM-5.
What would be the new requirements for someone to receive an autism diagnosis?
Under the current guidelines, a person must display at least six instances of difficulties spread over three specific areas. These include social interaction, communication skills and repetitive, or "stereotyped," behaviors, according to the National Autism Association.
In addition to a "classic" autism diagnosis, there are at least two other disorders that currently fit under the autism spectrum, Aspergers Syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified. Rhett's Syndrome or Childhood Disintegrative Disorder can also be diagnosed using the autism scale.
The new guidelines would get rid of the Aspergers and PDD-NOS labels. Children instead would potentially have to fit many more of the autism patterns in order to be diagnosed as such. The new category would be labeled simply Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Why is redefining autism a controversial move?
Parents and other advocates for autistic individuals have voiced concern that higher-functioning people, particularly those who currently are diagnosed with PDD-NOS or Aspergers, may not fit into the new, stricter guidelines. A study released by Yale University researchers on Thursday concluded that of the people currently diagnosed with either Aspergers or PDD-NOS, less than half would receive the proposed Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, according to the New York Times.
This is important because a diagnosis of autism is many times key to the amount and frequency of services that many adults and children receive. School systems, for example, are not currently required to provide special education services to those without an official diagnosis, according to ABC News. Losing that official diagnosis could potentially mean that people struggling with PDD-NOS or Aspergers could then lose their access to therapies and other services.
Why is the American Psychiatric Association looking to redefine autism?
The rate of autism diagnosis has skyrocketed in the last couple of decades. By some estimates, 1 in 100 American children will eventually be diagnosed under the current guidelines, and there are already approximately 1 million adults and children who have been diagnosed with autism or one of its subsets living in the United States, according to the New York Times.
Narrowing the definition of what is required to be labeled autistic will most likely greatly reduce the number of new diagnoses, according to Reuters. Proponents of the change say that this will help tighten up the criteria for autism and take some of the perceived vagueness of the diagnosis out of the equation.
Vanessa Evans is a musician and freelance writer based in Michigan, with a lifelong interest in health and nutrition issues.




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