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    Today in Tech

    Toads could be used to forecast earthquakes days before they happen

    Study says the pond-dwelling animals can sense a change in groundwater before an earthquake

    Aside from ionosphere disturbances, nature has a number of ways that signify an earthquake's arrival far earlier than an iPhone can. Animals, for instance, are known to leave their homes and head to safety anywhere from a few seconds to weeks before humans can feel quakes. It was easy enough for researchers to determine the science behind the behavior seconds before ground tremors are felt, but the explanation behind instances of animal exodus days or weeks prior to any seismic activity has eluded them — until now, that is. Rachel Grant from the U.K. Open University and Friedemann Freund from NASA believe they may have figured it all out, thanks to a colony of toads.

    Grant monitored a toad colony in L'Aquila, Italy for her PhD project, when she noticed the population number dropped from 96 to almost zero at least three days before an earthquake hit. After forming a team with Freund, they studied how and why that event happened. The results — which were recently published in a research paper — showed that stress in the surrounding rocks released charged particles that contaminated the groundwater. The toads, of course, sought refuge away from their environment which had suddenly become toxic.

    According to the study, rocks under very high levels of stress due to tectonic forces emit particles that react with air to form positively charged ions. These particles are known to cause health problems in humans like headaches, nausea, and increased levels of the stress hormone serotonin. The positive ions then dissolve in the water, making it lethal not just to toads but other aquatic, semi-aquatic, and even burrowing animals.

    The scientists admit their findings need to be tested and studied more. But even now they believe it can be used as one of the early indicators of an earthquake. "Once we understand how all of these signals are connected, if we see four of five signals all pointing in [the same] direction, we can say, 'ok, something is about to happen'," Freund says.

    [Image credit: Wikimedia]

    [via BBC, Telegraph]

    This article was written by Mariella Moon and originally appeared on Tecca

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    127 comments

    • Um...riddlemedis!  •  5 mths ago
      Yeah...and, they'll be all like, "I toad you so!" Show-offs of the amphibian world...
    • Minos  •  5 mths ago
      Yep, will take a toad over an iPhone any day.
    • Cherokee  •  5 mths ago
      Instead of seeing a human meterolgist broadcasting the weather in the future,we might see a toad with a microphone on your local weather so stay tuned .
    • Bo  •  5 mths ago
      Of course humans can't sense anything these days with their eyes and ears glued to the iPhones 24/7.
      • Jeff 5 mths ago
        Or they post some dumb witted remark on how glued we are to our phones...
    • AngelHealer  •  5 mths ago
      The dolphins coming out of the sea isn't enough, the fishes coming out of the sea is not a sign that we are in trouble. But, yet, we need to talk to Rachel Grant and her toads for her grant funding. The birds falling from the sky, the killer whales jumping into the back of fisherman's small boats, etc, etc. But Rachel Grant have to come up with her crap of toads, well the toads in Japan should have been speaking in Japanese, but instead the Japanese people were trying to eat them, when they should have been listening to their toads according to the U.K. Rachel Grant. The toads better be bilingual now, cause hell, it is done. The toads can't warn no one, cause you will be trying to eat them, just like Japan.
      • Your The Best Around 5 mths ago
        What?
      • AngelHealer 5 mths ago
        You are either Japanese or you have no knowledge of the world's event (what is going on in the world). P.S. I am Asian and you are a not a knowledgeable individual who don't think, you don't google, you don't know nothing before you speak. May Yahweh and Jesus have mercy upon your mind and your soul.
      • Mike 5 mths ago
        Lady I think you've been licking too many toads.
    • JR  •  New York, United States  •  5 mths ago
      "Homer, have you been licking toads?"
    • Udo  •  5 mths ago
      This sounds like junk science-the rocks that become stressed before an earthquake are multiple miles underground. Surface rocks are not affected. So how can those distant rocks pollute a pond?? If it were that easy, you wouldn't need toads-just monitor surface rocks for tension.
      • m 5 mths ago
        And hopefully it was the reporter and not the scientist who said that these ions make the water "lethal". If that were true people would have noticed a long time ago dead fish floating to the surface days before and earthquake!
    • BushLizard2U  •  5 mths ago
      Kinda explains why my steel-toad boots wanna take off running sometimes.
    • think4ever  •  San Francisco, United States  •  5 mths ago
      When you live in earthquake country, you would welcome a possible warning from any source — toads, pigeons, anything. When your house pitches and heaves, pictures fall off the walls, and things fly off the shelf, you wish you'd known it was going to happen beforehand even though you couldn't stop it. Lighten up, people. If you've never been there . . .
    • Vivian  •  Zhoukou, China  •  5 mths ago
      I went back and looked at the original article published on the BBC Nature website, and either Dr. Freund was misquoted in that piece, or he doesn't know that serotonin isn't a stress hormone. He's a scientist for NASA.
    • VerityBrown  •  5 mths ago
      So if we knew an earthquake was likely to happen in the next month or two, what would we do? What steps would we take? I'm asking this seriously. If there's a tornado warning, I go to the basement for the duration. If a snowmageddon is forecast, I make sure I have supplies to last me if I'm stranded at home for a few days. When a hurricane is coming, people can board up their windows, tie stuff down, and even evacuate to another location for a few days. But if forecasters said, "An earthquake is likely to occur in the next couple of months," what are you REALLY going to do to get ready for it?
    • Fan  •  5 mths ago
      the reason earthquake prediction has been always been struggling is not lack of indicators, but the reliability of indicators. Put it plainly, a lot of "strange things" happen before an earthquake. But does these things happen always leads to an earthquake? Sure toads might get sicks, but should we evacuate a city every time a certain amount of toads get sick?

      Sure the damage of an earthquake is often unimaginable, but to have a false alarm would inflict major economic losses, and if it started a panic, it would most likely cause a lot of physical harm to people as well.
    • skeptik  •  5 mths ago
      I personally also have an indicator, albeit it is delayed. The color of my underwear changes.
    • zimster  •  Pleasanton, United States  •  5 mths ago
      A perfect example of how basic research can lead to useful, though unexpected, discoveries.
    • A Yahoo! User  •  5 mths ago
      Tbis isn't news at all. Ask any one coming from an agricultural society in developing countries and they can tell you a lot of strange animal behavioral patterns hours even days before an impending natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.
    • PattyDucker  •  5 mths ago
      All Glory to the Hypnotoad!
    • Marcy  •  Austin, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Um. Serotonin is not a stress hormone. It's one of the hormones that contributes to feelings of well-being. Maybe you meant to say cortisol or noepinephrine? I wonder who was supposed to have proofread this article.
    • gerald  •  Los Angeles, United States  •  5 mths ago
      If humans had nothing to do but swim around and croak we would know more about our environment.
    • dr know  •  5 mths ago
      they loved him up and turned him into a horney toad....o brother
    • Fan  •  5 mths ago
      as for the iphone announcing earthquake, it's merely a news feed from Japan's very comprehensive earthquake prevention system. Of course they can't do that in California, because the system doesn't exist.

      What do you expect, Apple actually creating a technology innovation by itself?

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