Discover Yahoo! With Your Friends

Explore news, videos, and much more based on what your friends are reading and watching. Publish your own activity and retain full control.

To get started, first

YOUR FRIENDS' ACTIVITY

    The Upshot

    A member of the Little Rock Nine looks back

    Several of the Little Rock Nine leave Central High School under troop escort, 1957. (Central High Museum Historical …

    On September 4, 1957, nine African-American students arrived at Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas, to attend their first day of class. They were met with angry segregationist mobs and the National Guard--not to protect them, but to keep them from entering the all-white school. The students had been enrolled by the NAACP and were aware of the group's desire to enforce the landmark Supreme Court ruling, Brown v. Board of Education, which made it illegal to keep schools segregated. Arkansas was one of two southern states that announced it would comply with the decision. The standoff, beamed to the world through television coverage, transfixed the nation, until President Dwight Eisenhower ended the confrontation three weeks later by sending in the 101st Airborne Division to escort the students to class.

    Today, Little Rock Central High School is a national monument. The Little Rock Nine were awarded the Congressional Gold Medal by President Bill Clinton, and the pioneering students attended the inauguration of President Barack Obama. Yahoo! News spoke with Ernest Green, one of the Little Rock Nine, who became the first African-American student to graduate from Little Rock Central -- an occasion that was marked by the presence of Martin Luther King, Jr. Green went on to graduate from Michigan State University and later became an Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Affairs under President Jimmy Carter. He currently serves on the board of the African American Experience Fund at the National Park Foundation.

    You were enrolled by the NAACP in Little Rock Central High School to attend your senior year. What made you go down this path?
    I had fairly specific plans. Central had the reputation of being the best high school in the city, so if I maximized my high school with the best that they had, than I would help myself in terms of future activity, life, career, being able to help my family.

    I was also aware of the event of the time, the Supreme Court decision, the Montgomery bus boycott. I felt that this was a way for me to be involved in broader issues as well as improve the future for myself.

    Had you been prepared for such a negative response?
    Little Rock had a reputation compared to some other communities, as being fairly progressive. They had desegregated the libraries, they had admitted a few black students to the medical school and to the University of Arkansas. I knew one of them. I didn't think I was walking into a buzz saw. Once we were there, it dawned on me that this was a slightly larger (issue) than where I went to school.

    Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus called in the National Guard to block the building, and hordes of people stood outside the school who wanted to stop you from attending. What kept you going?
    It was the immediate family support and people around me, the neighbors, the minister -- they all said it was time. They had the ability to see the future.

    You finally were able to enter the school once President Eisenhower intervened three weeks later by sending in the 101st Airborne to escort you into the school. This was just to get through the door. Once you were in, what was that like?
    That was just the beginning. Of the nine, I was the only senior and due to graduate. I felt once we got in, we could handle the work, and I saw myself with a path to graduation and it would be a personal achievement and an achievement for other African-American students coming after me. When you think about it, when you're 17 you think you can walk through walls.

    We had soldier guards for two months. After Christmas, they withdrew the troops from the school. That's when the harassment -- kicking, shoving, spitting -- intensified. I felt the way to antagonize my enemy was to remain there. The more they dug in, the more determined I was to remain.

    What is the legacy of the Little Rock Nine?
    Obviously, when we started out, we didn't figure we would have this kind of impact of changing the world. At 17, all I wanted to do was get through the year, but not only did we get through the year, it became one of the turning points to democratizing the country.

     
    • Ronin Katana Swords  •  3 mths ago
      I have complete respect for these people. They taught all of us a lesson about right and wrong. I look forward to the day when we all grow enough to drop labels (African-American, Hispanic-American, etc) and refer to each other as Americans. Equality has nothing to do with skin color. It should not even be a consideration.
      • ddd 3 mths ago
        I agree why do you if you are white and you are talking about someone you always say "Black girl or Black boy". and if you are black and you are talking about someone you always say "white girl or white boy". Never girl or boy and skip the white or black part.
      • Sean 3 mths ago
        Claiming we are all the same is just as ignorant. Why not just be able to call people by their heritage without it being condescending?
      • Just Me, Richard 3 mths ago
        Ddd -- try a little grammar when you post -- you are not making all that much sense. What does "why do you if you are" mean?

        Sean -- the concept is "equal under law." We are all different, some are better than others at certain things or in general. But as far as our civil and legal rights, there is NO distinction. Everyone has the right to be stupid -- but the important thing, is that it is an EQUAL right. The one redeeming quality of Yahoo, is that no matter how vile, racist, sexist, vulgar or just plain stupid you are -- you have the right to express it. And WE have the right to counter it! And when it comes to every day reality -- NONE of this means a dang thing. Consider it an indicator of the health of America, something of a "safety valve" [no matter who spouts what hateful crap, no one is going to act on it], and above all else: ENTERTAINMENT, although of a weak and tepid kind.
    • Rick  •  Temecula, California  •  3 mths ago
      If we don't learn from History we are doomed to repeat it.
      • Blah B 3 mths ago
        I don't agree. I think if we don't learn from History, we are doomed to repeat it.
      • Major Medical 3 mths ago
        Now thats deep. Should be in a fortune cookie or maybe a bathroom wall.
      • Reverend Mr. Black 3 mths ago
        Wish somebody had told that to George W. Bush when he invaded Iraq. He made essentially the same mistake that Johnson made 35 years earilier when he escalated the war in Viet Nam.
    • “I declare war on your pl ...  •  Mt Hamilton, California  •  3 mths ago
      My uncle was with the 101st Airborne unit that replaced the not-so-hot National Guard troops that were in place at the beginning (he said that they were even more racist than the people protesting). Man, does he have some stories to tell about that time and place.
      • KarenH 3 mths ago
        It would be good if his stories could become part of the record.
      • Herr Obama 3 mths ago
        He should tell it to someone so they can make it a part of the history of that time.
      • Brian 3 mths ago
        I hope your uncle & the rest of the Airborne got to teach those Guardsmen a thing or two about being soldiers.
    • John T  •  Clarksburg, West Virginia  •  3 mths ago
      Before you call the members of the Tea Party racists, ask yourself: who DON'T they talk nasty about? Not very discriminating.
      .
      • Ragyp 3 mths ago
        There are no TEA party racists. There is an annoying infestation of deep-cover liberals, though.
      • Gargoyle 3 mths ago
        Then why do Tea Pary gatherings show photos of member carrying signs with the n word ?
      • Ragyp 3 mths ago
        This may be difficult for you to understand, but if you look closely, my original reply had TWO sentences. Go back and reread it. If you need help understanding it, ask a librarian or your teacher. The answer to your question is in the SECOND sentence. The part about "deep cover liberals". You may have to look that up. Also, look up "photoshop", a popular means of making inoffensive signs look as if they had said something horrible.
    • LeoS  •  3 mths ago
      Bet you they never imagined a black president over their lifetime.
      • LaceyW 3 mths ago
        Actually, yes.
        In fact, it was just a matter of time.
        It was like Pelosi being the first Woman Speaker of the House.
        By the time she got it, it was no big deal.
        Isn't that what they were fighting for? No big deal.
      • harp 3 mths ago
        Look how that turned out, worst president ever was the first black! If it were not so sad it would be hilarious to show just how incompetent they really can be.
      • Ron 3 mths ago
        And the white people that voted for that black pile of crap are getting just what they deserve.
    • Loislaine  •  3 mths ago
      I remember this. I watched it on TV. My folks said it was history in the making. It made no sense to me why they were trying to keep these kids OUT of school.
    • Daddy BUD  •  Richardson, Texas  •  3 mths ago
      Faubus was a pre civil rights Democrat...when the blacks were mostly Republicans and the racists were mostly Democrats...Eisenhower was a war veteran recruited by the republicans and was one of the mosy liberal humans on earth at the time...the mid to late 60s changed the partys and the Blacks migrated to the Democratic party while the racists went to the Republican party...where most still reside today. My father took off work and took me to go see what this was all about the first day and after that he was never a racist again...he saw what those folks tried to do and it changed him forever. He also made me watch eisenhowers farewell speech where he warned us....To be Evre Vigilent of the Direct and Indirect Influence of the Military Industrial Complex on YOUR Government...I have never forgotten that day and those words...its bitting us all in our collective #$%$ while we sit and watch
    • Aww yeah  •  Schaumburg, Illinois  •  3 mths ago
      All the tremendous strides that were made during that time. Such amazing courage and steadfast resolve. True American heroes.
      Then hip hop takes us back to square one.
    • Ellen  •  Charlottesville, Virginia  •  3 mths ago
      I was a little kid in Little Rock during what was called the desegregation crisis. My cousin, who lived with us, was a senior at Central that year. I remember being scared for Ernest Green at the graduation ceremony in the spring. We learned a lot about life from the events of that year and from the insights of my dad, a man ahead of his time.
    • yahoo contributor  •  3 mths ago
      First off back in the day Blacks were never referred to as African Americans. They wanted to do everything in their power to forget about the hardships related to slavery. Secondly schools such as this one in Little Rock had to change the curriculum to fit the education associated with what these new Black students had been taught in the past.
      These nine students benefitted greatly from attending school with Whites. The whole process was to give Blacks the same education that Whites had been receiving.
      In today's society there are so many students of various ethnicities attending the same classes that everyone who wants to can receive a great education.
    • larsb  •  3 mths ago
      sad
    • Ken M  •  3 mths ago
      Ahh, the Yahoo comment thread - truly the sewer of the internet
    • Heavy Rider  •  3 mths ago
      In spite of the willfull-ignorance-driven comments of some of the trolls posting here, racism in the United States did not, repeat NOT come from the U.S. Democratic Party. Like the mob infiltrating the Teamsters, racists infiltrated Democratic organizations in the South; elsewhere, more progressive-minded individuals built up the Democratic Party that would be responsible for passing the 1964 Civil Rights Act, and the 1965 Voting Rights Act. After these two landmark legislations, the segregationists, white citizens' councils, and klansmen bailed out of their Dixiecrat organizations, to join the Republican Party of Barry "Extremism Is No Vice" Goldwater and Richard "Tricky Dick" Nixon. [Open Sarcastic Mode] Such charming folks [close sarcastic mode].

      Eisenhower, bless his soul, was the last Republican president to show genuine concern about civil rights, let alone accept as a given the supremacy of the U.S. Constitution and the U.S. Federal Government. Today's "crop" of Republitards are steadfast in their unwillingness to accept the premise of unconditional civil rights & the need for a strong Federal Government to uphold those rights.
    • Millie  •  Rochester, New York  •  3 mths ago
      Wow I don't know if I would've had the courage to face that. I remember seeing the documentary on television and how the whites would spit and hit the black girls and the one guy was being ignored by most teachers. How sinful.
    • Liv  •  3 mths ago
      I'm a senior at Little Rock Central and I can promise you, 50 something years later and things haven't really changed for the better. The school is a mess, and the reason no one ever hears about it is because they had the best damage control teams I've ever seen patching up holes that would tarnish the "sterling" and "shining example of perfect societal harmony" reputation that keeps us afloat and keeps the money pouring in.
    • Reverend Mr. Black  •  Houston, Texas  •  3 mths ago
      Ms Green deserves a gold medal for her bravery, and fortitude. The abuse this young teenager took on the part of the racist was incredible. If you had seen what I saw growing up in the 60's you would agree that we are far better off. That was a time when blacks had separate schools, separate housing, separate rest rooms, separate water fountains, back of the bus for blacks, no sitting with whites at the theater, blantant job discrimination, a discriminatory justice system, and no associating with whites and a public place.
      Almost every one that I grew up with was a racist or a bigot in some form. I grew to despise there ignorance and hatred. And I still don't understand it.
    • Michael  •  Delray Beach, Florida  •  3 mths ago
      Racial hatred is still alive and well. Just look at the comments. How many of those jerks are Republicans, I wonder.
    • Derek  •  Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts  •  3 mths ago
      Flip Wilson said it best: "We are ALL pink on the inside honey!!"
    • Joe  •  3 mths ago
      We have not advanced very far. There was an article today about a white woman who was denied admission into a college because of her race. Two wrongs don't make a right.
    • Rhiannon  •  3 mths ago
      I hope all those bright white people who turn up in this film are forever humiliated. What a disgusting sight.

    ABOUT THE UPSHOT

    The Upshot is the Yahoo! News blog assembling choice material from The Ticket (politics), The Lookout (national affairs), The Cutline (media) and The Envoy (foreign affairs).

    Subscribe

    [X]

    How to subscribe

    Roll over each section to subscribe using Add to My Yahoo! or RSS Feed feeds.

    Yahoo! News offers dozens of RSS feeds you can read in My Yahoo! or using third-party RSS news reader software. Click here to find out more about RSS and how you can use it with Yahoo! News.

    Meet The Upshot Team

    Loading...

    The Upshot Network

    Edited by Dylan Stableford
    Edited by Eric Pfeiffer
    Edited by Olivier Knox