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    How Dogs Beat Doctors in Identifying Early-Stage Lung Cancer

    With a little training, your dog could have a promising future as a biochemist.

    A new study in the European Respitory Journal shows that dogs are better at sniffing out the early markers of lung cancer than the latest medical technologies at our disposal.  Lung cancer is the second most frequent form of cancer in men and women across the United States and Europe, accounting for approximately 500,000 deaths per year. 

    Part of the reason for the high mortality rate is that lung cancer is notoriously difficult to identify early. In many cases, the patient doesn’t show any symptoms and detection of the diseases happens by chance. If someone isn’t that lucky, the cancer is likely to have already progressed by the time it is found.

    The study investigated whether dogs could be trained to reliably identify specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are linked to the presence of lung cancer.  The latest medical methods for identifying lung cancer VOCs are generally unreliable because there is a high risk of interference in the results, especially from the residuals of tobacco smoke, and the results can take a long time to process. 

    Trained dogs were asked to sniff out a study group that included lung cancer patients, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, and healthy volunteers.  The dogs successfully identified 71 samples of lung cancer out of a possible 100.  They also correctly detected 372 samples that did not have lung cancer out of a possible 400 --  a 93% success rate. 

    As impressive, the dogs were able to detect lung cancer markers independently from COPD and tobacco smoke – showing that Fido, unlike our latest technologies, can separate out lung cancer markers from the most confounding variables.

    The major takeaways from this study are twofold.  First, thanks to the pooches, we now know for sure that there is an independent, stable marker for lung cancer, which in and of itself is a big step forward.  Second, until our medical tech can get up to speed with a wet nose, dogs can add yet another remarkable ability to their resumes.

     

    23 comments

    • JON  •  8 mths ago
      No biochemistry for My dog .... nope , it wants to be a pilot .
    • Jayson Padua  •  9 mths ago
      huh! never fails :)
    • ΆnÏţǺ  •  9 mths ago
      olfactory sensors are what they use to smell and they have millions or thousands (can't remember) more than humans. This helps them smell trace amounts of particles that we can't detect. The smell of the cancer is there, but in such a minute quantity, our sensors can't detect it. The trick would be to develop a technology that could "smell" like a dog, thus detecting all types of cancers. They also use dogs to find skin cancer now.
    • joe joe  •  9 mths ago
      I always knew that dogs were more intelligent than doctors.
    • Ronald  •  9 mths ago
      A dog's nose has a far longer scent receptor than a human could. So they will likely could smell 100 times better than we could and I do know some people can smell cancer's too. They say it smells like formaldehyde or something kinda.

      And since cancers usually exude a anti-tumor chemical when they start to repress other growth to enable themselves, there seems to be a certain logic to this idea. They should have a simple training certification to give people something to love their dogs for, since so many just "own" a dog instead of having one.

      If they were like cats most peoples dogs would run away from home.
    • Kirstin  •  9 mths ago
      I'm pleased they had so many true positives and that the rate of false negatives was relatively low, but what's not reported is what the false negative rate was. That's crucial to understanding this information. Anybody know what the false negative rate was?
    • cory  •  9 mths ago
      My dog always smells my butt, what's that mean?
      • Jeffrey 8 mths ago
        it means you need a cat scan , no wait a dog scan!
    • Craps Fanatic  •  9 mths ago
      And all they get for their efforts is a lousy can of Alpo.
    • robertw  •  9 mths ago
      Let's get dogs trained and screening asap! Good boy!
    • marine1968  •  9 mths ago
      Dogs will do anything to please most people, you can add this to their resume of human life savings accomplishments. All they ask in return is be able to continue to stick their head out the car window.
    • Nancy AsianFTy  •  9 mths ago
      I must book my OB-GYN-DOG appointment soon!
    • Elle  •  9 mths ago
      Dogs are the best, kindest species in the world. Most humans are not as good as the average dog.
      • M. C. L. 9 mths ago
        Dogs have been bred that way thanks to HUMAN's role in domestication of animals.
    • AnkleSpin6.022E23  •  9 mths ago
      The U.S. Federal Government has been giving Irvin Rosenfeld 12 joints a day for nearly three decades for a congenital bone tumor disease; he is a successful stock broker, and he wrote a book called "My Medicine." Tashkin et al. at UCLA (in 2006 and 2009) found no link between smoking Cannabis and lung cancer or COPD, but you don't have to smoke Cannabis (you can use vaporizers and oral ingestion methods). Tobacco is grown with radioactive fertilizers. (epa.gov/radiation/sources/tobacco.html) Nicotine is a pro-carcinogen. (Nishioka, T. et al., 2011) The non-psychoactive cannabinoid CBD (cannabidiol) is of special interest because it can attenuate or block THC's effects.

      Here are some science research articles about cannabinoids and cancer:

      Cannabidiol-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells: A novel role of cannabidiol in the regulation of p22phox and Nox4 expression.

      The effects of cannabinoids on P-glycoprotein transport and expression in multidrug resistant cells.

      Enhancing the in vitro cytotoxic activity of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in leukemic cells through a combinatorial approach.

      Gamma-irradiation enhances apoptosis induced by cannabidiol, a non-psychotropic cannabinoid, in cultured HL-60 myeloblastic leukemia cells.

      Expression of cannabinoid receptors type 1 and type 2 in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: growth inhibition by receptor activation.

      Antitumor activity of plant cannabinoids with emphasis on the effect of cannabidiol on human breast carcinoma.

      HU-331: a cannabinoid quinone, with uncommon cytotoxic properties and low toxicity.

      Pharmacological inhibition of CB1 cannabinoid receptor protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

      Cannabidiol as a novel inhibitor of Id-1 gene expression in aggressive breast cancer cells.

      Cannabinoid receptor 1 is a potential drug target for treatment of translocation-positive rhabdomyosarcoma.

      Cannabinoid action induces autophagy-mediated cell death through stimulation of ER stress in human glioma cells.

      Cannabinoids Induce Apoptosis of Pancreatic Tumor Cells via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Related Genes.

      Pharmacological synergism between cannabinoids and paclitaxel in gastric cancer cell lines.

      Cannabinoid receptor activation induces apoptosis through tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated ceramide de novo synthesis in colon cancer cells.

      Antitumor effects of cannabidiol, a nonpsychoactive cannabinoid, on human glioma cell lines.

      Cannabidiol attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by decreasing oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death.

      The non-psychoactive cannabidiol triggers caspase activation and oxidative stress in human glioma cells.

      Cannabidiol inhibits human glioma cell migration through a cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanism.

      Cannabinoid receptors as novel targets for the treatment of melanoma.

      Cannabinoids reduce ErbB2-driven breast cancer progression through Akt inhibition.

      Cannabinoids inhibit cellular respiration of human oral cancer cells.

      Cannabidiol enhances the inhibitory effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol on human glioblastoma cell proliferation and survival.

      Cannabidiol inhibits cancer cell invasion via upregulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1.

      The dual effects of delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol on cholangiocarcinoma cells: anti-invasion activity at low concentration and apoptosis induction at high concentration.

      Interaction of plant cannabinoids with the multidrug transporter ABCC1 (MRP1).

      Gemcitabine/cannabinoid combination triggers autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells through a ROS-mediated mechanism.

      Antitumorigenic effects of cannabinoids beyond apoptosis.

      Pathways mediating the effects of cannabidiol on the reduction of breast cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.

      Cannabinoid receptor as a novel target for the treatment of prostate cancer.

      Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol induces apoptosis in human prostate PC-3 cells via a receptor-independent mechanism.
    • Mr. Derp  •  9 mths ago
      Dogs may eat their own crap, but at least they're not spewing it out of their mouth like a lot of people.
    • Pasco  •  9 mths ago
      I love dogs
    • BLUE OSIRIS  •  9 mths ago
      Wow now i know my dog is a doc..mwahahahahLOL
    • AussieGecko  •  9 mths ago
      Man's best friend just became a BFF.
    • Mohdu  •  9 mths ago
      Are animals are more intelligent than human?
      • Frankie 9 mths ago
        After reading your comment, the answer is yes.
    • Paloma Blanca  •  9 mths ago
      I have always felt (and said) that animals have a sense & an intelligence far & beyond those of any human being. Dumb animals indeed. If not for their aggorance and false feelings of superiority, we would pay more attention to animals and learn from them. They breathe the same air and are kept alive by the same universal energy that all life is. They are as important a part of the equation as human beings, if not more so.
    • Just me too!  •  9 mths ago
      so thats how Obama care is gonna work?? they are gonna have dogs sniffing your but,,,and deciding who gets treatment
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