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    The Week

    Should we limit medical testing on chimps?

    The Institute of Medicine finds most experimentation on chimpanzees to be "unnecessary" — putting the onus on science to adapt

    Chimpanzees, thanks to a genetic makeup that closely resembles a human's, have long served as test subjects in the field of medical research. But after nine months of heated deliberation, a new report from the Institute of Medicine (the health arm of the National Academy of Sciences) finds that behavioral and medical testing on primates is largely "unnecessary" and should be limited to extraordinary circumstances. In what's seen as a victory for animal rights groups, the National Institute of Health promptly accepted the IOM's recommendations on Thursday, suspending all new grants supporting lab testing on primates — even though such research has proven critical for medical advances in the past. Here's what you should know:

    Why do we test on chimps?
    It's simple: The intelligent apes are man's closest relative. In 2005, for example, researchers mapped the chimp's entire genome, 99 percent of which was genetically similar to humans, says Dan Vergano at USA Today. This overlap lets scientists test vaccines and treatments for everything from malaria to hepatitis; in fact, testing on chimps helped "virtually" eradicate Hepatitis B and C infections spread through blood infusions.

    Why should we stop experimenting on chimps? 
    It seriously messes them up and has become increasingly taboo. The United States is one of only two countries in the world that still permits experimentation on the apes, "a species that exhibits clear signs of love, complex social organization, self-awareness and distress," says Melissa Healy at the Los Angeles Times. Recent studies demonstrate that depression is evident in 58 percent of retired lab chimpanzees, with 44 percent exhibiting symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder — "afflictions virtually absent in wild populations."

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    Then what will we test instead?
    The need to rely on chimps is "quickly being eroded," says Healy, as we develop new lab techniques and more powerful computers and learn how to engineer mice and rats to "mimic the human immune system." The testing of "tiny dosages of... biologic medicines" on humans is also becoming safer. However, these alternatives are not yet "widely available." 

    Would we stop testing on chimps altogether?
    Not entirely. But the NIH's adoption suggests that this field of testing will eventually end, says James Gorman at the New York Times. The use of chimps has "already been waning," notes Gorman, in part because it's so expensive. For the time being, the recommendations establish "a set of rigorous criteria" for researchers proposing to use chimpanzees in biomedical or behavioral research. "Chimpanzees should not continue to suffer," argues Meredith Medoway at Policy Mic. "We must begin to invest in finding a new way to do research." 

    SEE MORE: The octopus' 'human-like' intelligence 

     

    Sources: LA Times, NY Times, PBS, Policy MicUSA Today

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    51 comments

    • Kay  •  Greensboro, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Absolutely. They should use convicted felons/child molesters.
    • James  •  Sassamansville, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Why are chimps more valuable then mice?
      • James 5 mths ago
        I stand corrected.
      • Joe 5 mths ago
        NO. UNLIMITED MEDICAL TESTING ON BANKERS!
      • Mr Angry 5 mths ago
        'Than' I shall remove my snide remark...
    • CharlesC  •  Pleasanton, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Test the dude who burned that lady in the Elevator....
    • joeyb  •  San Diego, United States  •  5 mths ago
      One more step in the "dumb down" where political expediency, once again, trumps scientific merit. It is depressing to see such far reaching critical research decisions made on such quasi-scientific evidence about apes and other non-human species, to wit: "...signs of love, complex social organization, self-awareness and distress," - one of the weakest areas of behavior research (regarding rigorous theory, methods, and conclusions), promulgated by animal rights activists inside and outside the scientific community, and communicated to us with great authority by a newspaper reporter. The justification for animal research, including apes, should never have become solely associated with its medical benefits to humans - a selfish anthropocentic excess in itself, but recognized for the important role it has had in behavior and brain-behavior research in the 20th century and into the present. As we are only on the threshold of understanding more complicated brain-behavior relationships, sweeping decisions such as this will only retard that advance. That is, basic behavior and physiological research on apes and other non-human species here is treated almost as an afterthought by the NAS and HIH when, in fact, their decision will make it near impossible to continue it, be used by misguided activists to further restrict research in other areas, and set back attempts to understand how nature and nurture work in all living organisms.
    • willyb  •  5 mths ago
      By all means, we should limit the medical testing on chimps. It would be cheaper and more beneficial to start using liberals and PETA members.
    • RWolf  •  5 mths ago
      If you think monkeys are more important than human life and are willing to risk more human deaths on medical advances when other tests fail to uncover dangerous side effects or reactions to medicine.
      When your child comes down with some rare illness and the doctor tells you not to worry the medicine they are going to use worked OK on rats and your fine with that, I guess it’s no big deal to some, but I am not one that would be OK with that. I am simply not willing to risk human life to save a monkey.
      What will they do when the radicals want to protect the rats, use people?
      All they are going to do is force people who need to do serious testing off shore.
      More jobs lost in the US.
      • Dataman 5 mths ago
        They should use you.
      • juan 5 mths ago
        bachmann & palin, good starts instead of chimps. actually, any of the redumblican candidates.
        RWolf, how true. good post.
    • Dataman  •  5 mths ago
      I had a friend who used to work in an animal testing clinic. She quit because, in her words, they kept doing the same tests over and over just for the money - they already had the results.
    • RichardinMD  •  Baltimore, United States  •  5 mths ago
      having worked at NIH and seeing how they are housed, I understand why they are not happy. imagine you are kept in an area about the size of a bathroom and then they give you shots, some that make you feel sick and some that put you out so you can be cut on. I say it would be better to experiment on the human "lifers" in jail. the chimps didn't do any thing to get locked up, the lifers did.
    • CharlesC  •  Pleasanton, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Test O.J.
    • Awake and Alive  •  Los Angeles, United States  •  5 mths ago
      We should be using human subjects, in particular the NCAA and OWS supporters. It's pretty clear neither one can think, so they aren't sentient beings.
    • DonnaH  •  Newark, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Between computer models, in vitro studies and the eternal testing and retesting of the same darned compounds that we already know are harmful, no doubt most animal studies are duplicative. We don't need this much, and to think that animals do not experience agony is very wrong. I worked for an animal lab once, and I remember the investigaotrs telling me of the agonies of these animals--terrible. It is only ignorance that causes the folks below to cheer it on. I submit that any animal species who has been used for an animal study should have access to the resulting medicine in perpetuity.
    • katzpjz  •  Albuquerque, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Animals like chimps have feelings, to test on them is inhumane. I remember the video of test chimps being released in open cages to the outside after years being caged in Europe.
      The trepidation and then joy they expressed made me cry.
    • Elle  •  New York, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Yes, test on inmates instead.
      • Joe 5 mths ago
        Test on bankers, not inmates. They aren't as guilty.
    • Topkick  •  5 mths ago
      I have it on good authority (a chimp I've known for years) that chimps are definitely in favor of the bans on ANY testing that involves them. It's been their contention, for some time now, that any similarities noted between themselves and humans are both superficial and highly insulting!
    • rogerd  •  Fort Worth, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Use congress instead.
      • Makingadifferenceeveryday 5 mths ago
        As much of us who fantasize about this because of their ineptness, this is not a humane comment to make, Rogered. Let us not stoop to their level.
    • CharlesC  •  Pleasanton, United States  •  5 mths ago
      Save the Chimps....Test Sandusky over and over ......
    • Phil R  •  Muncie, United States  •  5 mths ago
      There are plenty of convicts to test with. Why should monkeys suffer?
    • katzpjz  •  Albuquerque, United States  •  5 mths ago
      As stated in the article why we should not be testing on chimps:
      "It's simple: The intelligent apes are man's closest relative."
    • Plan A  •  5 mths ago
      UhOh, here we go with the black jokes again...
    • RAYMOND  •  Toledo, United States  •  5 mths ago
      That is good for the chimps and bad for the sadists that enjoy torturing a helpless captive
      • Mr Angry 5 mths ago
        You say they enjoy it... Just you... And your opinion means even less to us than it does to your own family...