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    Stanford archives offer window into Apple origins

    PALO ALTO, Calf. (AP) — In the interview, Steve Wozniak and the late Steve Jobs recall a seminal moment in Silicon Valley history — how they named their upstart computer company some 35 years ago.

    "I remember driving down Highway 85," Wozniak says. "We're on the freeway, and Steve mentions, 'I've got a name: Apple Computer.' We kept thinking of other alternatives to that name, and we couldn't think of anything better."

    Adds Jobs: "And also remember that I worked at Atari, and it got us ahead of Atari in the phonebook."

    The interview, recorded for an in-house video for company employees in the mid-1980s, was among a storehouse of materials Apple had been collecting for a company museum. But in 1997, soon after Jobs returned to the company, Apple officials contacted Stanford University and offered to donate the collection to the school's Silicon Valley Archives.

    Within a few days, Stanford curators were at Apple headquarters in nearby Cupertino, packing two moving trucks full of documents, books, software, videotapes and marketing materials that now make up the core of Stanford's Apple Collection.

    The collection, the largest assembly of Apple historical materials, can help historians, entrepreneurs and policymakers understand how a startup launched in a Silicon Valley garage became a global technology giant.

    "Through this one collection you can trace out the evolution of the personal computer," said Stanford historian Leslie Berlin. "These sorts of documents are as close as you get to the unmediated story of what really happened."

    The collection is stored in hundreds of boxes taking up more than 600 feet of shelf space at the Stanford's off-campus storage facility. The Associated Press visited the climate-controlled warehouse on the outskirts of the San Francisco Bay area, but agreed not to disclose its location.

    Interest in Apple and its founder has grown dramatically since Jobs died in October at age 56, just weeks after he stepped down as CEO and handed the reins to Tim Cook. Jobs' death sparked an international outpouring and marked the end of an era for Apple and Silicon Valley.

    "Apple as a company is in a very, very select group," said Stanford curator Henry Lowood. "It survived through multiple generations of technology. To the credit of Steve Jobs, it meant reinventing the company at several points."

    Apple scrapped its own plans for a corporate museum after Jobs returned as CEO and began restructuring the financially struggling firm, Lowood said.

    Job's return, more than a decade after he was forced out of the company he co-founded, marked the beginning of one of the great comebacks in business history. It led to a long string of blockbuster products — including the iPod, iPhone and iPad — that have made Apple one of the world's most profitable brands.

    After Stanford received the Apple donation, former company executives, early employees, business partners and Mac enthusiasts have come forward and added their own items to the archives.

    The collection includes early photos of young Jobs and Wozniak, blueprints for the first Apple computer, user manuals, magazine ads, TV commercials, company t-shirts and drafts of Jobs' speeches.

    In one company video, Wozniak talks about how he had always wanted his own computer, but couldn't get his hands on one at a time when few computers were found outside corporations or government agencies.

    "All of a sudden I realized, 'Hey microprocessors all of a sudden are affordable. I can actually build my own,'" Wozniak says. "And Steve went a little further. He saw it as a product you could actually deliver, sell and someone else could use."

    The pair also talk about the company's first product, the Apple I computer, which went on sale in July 1976 for $666.66.

    "Remember an Apple I was not particularly useable for too much, but it was so incredible to have your own computer," Jobs says. "It was kind of an embarkation point from the way computers had been going in these big steel boxes with switches and lights."

    Among the other items in the Apple Collection:

    — Thousands of photos by photographer Douglas Menuez, who documented Jobs' years at NeXT Computer, which he founded in 1985 after he was pushed out of Apple.

    — A company video spoofing the 1984 movie "Ghost Busters," with Jobs and other executives playing "Blue Busters," a reference to rival IBM.

    — Handwritten financial records showing early sales of Apple II, one of the first mass-market computers.

    — An April 1976 agreement for a $5,000 loan to Apple Computer and its three co-founders: Jobs, Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, who pulled out of the company less than two weeks after its founding.

    — A 1976 letter written by a printer who had just met Jobs and Wozniak and warns his colleagues about the young entrepreneurs: "This joker (Jobs) is going to be calling you ... They are two guys, they build kits, operate out of a garage."

    The archive shows the Apple founders were far ahead of their time, Lowood said.

    "What they were doing was spectacularly new," he said. "The idea of building computers out of your garage and marketing them and thereby creating a successful business — it just didn't compute for a lot of people."

     

    15 comments

    • JohnR  •  4 mths ago
      Mike from Dallas does not have a clue. Probably voted for Bush.
    • JohnR  •  4 mths ago
      Apple was named Apple because Apple comes before Atari in the phone book. Jobs at one time worked for Atari. Can't believe the stupid posts here. If you don't know then keep quiet.
    • David S  •  5 mths ago
      I recall hearing an interview or reading somewhere that they picked the name "Apple Computer" as a temporary name because they were getting ready for some trade show. Jobs announced to the team that he and Woz picked Apple, although they're open to other suggestions. But they only had a week to make a decision because they needed to get business cards and other stuff printed up. He liked "Apple" because it sorted above all other computer company names at the time. Nobody came forth with a better name, so they went with "Apple".

      I also recall reading an interview with Woz about why they went with the Rockwell 6500 chip in their computers instead of Intel chips. Woz said he was at a trade show and was able to wrangle a couple of free chip samples from the folks in the Rockwell booth, but he couldn't get any samples from Intel. So they went with the 6500.
    • BeamerUSA  •  4 mths ago
      Apple survived on Microsofts alms.
    • A Yahoo! User  •  San Francisco, California  •  4 mths ago
      In the 70's, many people had business they operated out of their garage. Nothing new there.

      The original Windows concept came from Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) computer research lab, which the two Steves visited. The mouse was invented in the 1963 at Stanford Research Institute (SRI) computer research lab located in Menlo Park. Intel started making inexpensive memory and microprocessor in Mountain View. IBM made the hard drive in San Jose. The electronic industry's infrastructure was present. All these items are within 30 miles of one another. Put these building blocks together on a small scale and you have a personal computer.

      The above same thing happened in Detroit for cars in the 20's.
      • longtalltxn 4 mths ago
        You are absolutely right. I, in fact, operated a business out of my garage in the 70's and it was wildly successful. The type of business did give rise to lots of partying and not so much going to classes at SF State.... hence my proclivity for working for the man a lot since then. But I coulda been a contender.
      • Fooki 4 mths ago
        Psst... People still do startups and yes even sometimes from their garages so the thumbs down must be from stupid folk who don't own their own business because they think they can't start a business because they don't have a few million laying around ...
    • Hugh  •  Bangkok, Thailand  •  4 mths ago
      As an Apple user, I'm always going to find these kind of articles interesting . . .
    • phil  •  Barnsley, United Kingdom  •  5 mths ago
      Apple is the name of The Beatles Company set up in the sixties , how did Jobs get away with hijacking it's name...
      • Rory 5 mths ago
        Different type of business. Problems arose when apple computer got into music distribution.
      • Victor 5 mths ago
        Apple Publishing Company, versus Apple Corporation. They didn't care until iTunes came out and sued then, but it was much too late and lost.
      • Tim 5 mths ago
        Lost? I'm not sure I would consider a $500m settlement a loss for Apple Corps.
    • Yawino Picklebrain  •  Desert Hot Springs, California  •  5 mths ago
      Jobs did great things for the electronics business but as a person he was a total butt wipe!
      • John M 5 mths ago
        So were Andrew Carnegie, Thomas Edison, J Paul Getty and all the other titans who make America great. It takes vision backed by strength to drag people out of prior centuries and create a new future.
    • Mike  •  Dallas, Texas  •  4 mths ago
      Other than the Apple II, everything Apple did was stolen from someone else. Lids today will write back saying Jobs was a god or something, but for the rest of us, we know. He didn't design 1 single thing. CEOs don't, engineers do. Exactly what one would expect from a dad who abandoned his daughter, promoted LSD, yelled at his employees and even thorn to the night shift at Atari cause he smalled bad. #$%$ fo the century!
      • Mike 4 mths ago
        boo hoo
      • Fooki 4 mths ago
        Too bad you didn't put your education to use because if you actually learned how to spell people might listen to your tirade. It's kids not "lids" ,smelled not "smalled" and I have no idea what "thorn" is in the context you used in your post. Oh and your syntax is lacking.
    • A nony mouse  •  4 mths ago
      Imma start a NEW computer and technology company. ALL products will be completely open source, there will be nothing that is locked down, no weird proprietary connectors and our stores, we are going to train the sales staff how to spot self absorbed hipster doofuses from a mile away and we won't sell to them.

      The name of my new company? Orange...our slogan will be "Orange ya glad you didn't buy an Apple?"
      • DL 4 mths ago
        Copyright infringement! Orange Micro already exists and has been making computers nearly as long as Apple.
      • G 4 mths ago
        Good luck with that business model.
      • Mike 4 mths ago
        dufus
    • A Yahoo! User  •  San Francisco, California  •  4 mths ago
      Sure is lot of expensive Public Relations to keep Steve Jobs name in the media.
    • A Yahoo! User  •  5 mths ago
      Yawino, get a new picture, will you?
    • rico  •  5 mths ago
      All the fanboys can now head for Stanford
    • G  •  4 mths ago
      Apple Computer was named after Apple Records, the Beatles' label.
    • PITHIAN  •  Tampa, Florida  •  4 mths ago
      Everyone knows the apple originated in the Garden of Eden.
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