Can a tiny mite cause my face to break out, and lead to my rosacea?

I often see patients with rosacea, a chronic skin condition that causes redness, swelling and sometimes bumps on the face. While there are many factors that may contribute to it, one possible cause is amicroscopic mite called Demodex.

Several studies have shown a link between rosacea symptoms and elevated numbers of Demodex mites found on the skin. Here, I’ll explain more about what these mites are, how they appear to contribute to rosacea symptoms and how they are treated.

What are Demodex mites?

Demodex mites are microscopic organisms that live in or near hair follicles and sebaceous glands. There are two main types of Demodex mites found on human skin: Demodex folliculorum, which is longer and lives in hair follicles, and Demodex brevis, which is shorter and lives in sebaceous glands, the glands that produce an oily substance known as sebum that protects your skin from drying out.

While these mites are common and typically harmless, they tend to be found in larger numbers on the skin of people with rosacea and have been therefore identified as a potential cause of rosacea symptoms.

What do mites have to do with rosacea?

When Demodex mites are present in large numbers, they can trigger inflammation in the skin. The mites release digestive enzymes and other substances that can irritate the skin and activate the immune system, leading to the redness, swelling and bumps associated with rosacea.

Recent research has also found that Demodex mite can carry bacteria, which may further contribute to inflammation and worsen rosacea symptoms.

How to get rid of Demodex mites

Topical medications like ivermectin can help control mite populations on the skin.

Other steps you can take to help reduce skin inflammation and manage rosacea symptoms include using anti-inflammatory skincare ingredients like green tea extract, feverfew, chamomile and niacinamide. Also, avoid environmental triggers like excessive heat, sun exposure, chronic stress and spicy foods.

Bottom line

Many studies have linked large numbers of Demodex mites with rosacea symptoms, though research is ongoing to determine the exact mechanisms that might cause rosacea. Talk to your dermatologist about the best treatment options for your skin type to calm inflammation and soothe red, sensitive skin.

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