‘Lightbulb’ creature — with translucent tentacles — is new species in Gulf of Mexico

Moira Ritter
·1 min read
2

Nearly 30 years ago, scuba divers in the Gulf of Mexico spotted a peculiar, brightly colored sea creature.

Photos show the creatures’ colorful and translucent tentacles. Reproduced with permission from the copyright holder.
Photos show the creatures’ colorful and translucent tentacles. Reproduced with permission from the copyright holder.

That is until 2010 — when scientists began collecting specimens of the unknown species for themselves, according to a new study published Oct. 11 in the journal Zootaxa.

Researchers collected 10 specimens between 2010 and 2023, and they used those to finally identify and describe the new species as Bellactis lux, or lightbulb anemone, co-authors Alonso Delgado, Paul Larson, Nancy Sheridan and Marymegan Daly wrote in the study. Specimens were collected off the coast of Pinellas County, Florida, and Dauphin Island, Alabama.

Specimens were collected from the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida and Alabama, researchers said.
Specimens were collected from the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Florida and Alabama, researchers said.
The species was found living in “hard-bottom” habitats known as reef ledges, according to the study.
The species was found living in “hard-bottom” habitats known as reef ledges, according to the study.

The small species has a wide, irregularly shaped base that stems into a smooth column with rows of two or three raised pores, the study said.

Lightbulb anemone have “stout” tentacles in groups of three to five, according to researchers. They are slightly inflated at the base but taper off at the end, and they “can be bulbous in shape.”

The lightbulb anemone’s translucent tentacles taper at their tips, photos show.
The lightbulb anemone’s translucent tentacles taper at their tips, photos show.

Tentacles are greenish brown and translucent, but they sometimes have opaque white marks that can form rings, the study said.

The creatures have a maroon oral disc that is often circled by a yellow-colored ring. The disc surrounds its wide, oval shaped mouth with “prominent” cream-colored lips, according to experts.

The anemone’s have wide, oval-shaped mouths, researchers said.
The anemone’s have wide, oval-shaped mouths, researchers said.

Researchers said the anemone appears to have a photosymbiotic relationship with algae. Algae, which use photosynthesis, were observed living on the lightbulb anemone’s column and tentacles.

Photos show B. lux with another species on its tentacles. Reproduced with permission from the copyright holder.
Photos show B. lux with another species on its tentacles. Reproduced with permission from the copyright holder.

Bellactis lux also seem to reproduce asexually, and they may live near one another in crevices in shallow waters in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, according to scientists. Specimens were collected from “hard-bottom” habitats known as reef ledges.

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