Mark Buseck, M.D.: What is arthritis and what can be done about it?
Arthritis is a term derived from two Greek words: “arthro,” meaning joint, an “itis,” meaning inflammation.
There are many different types of arthritis. The most common type is osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease or DJD.
To a certain extent, DJD can be viewed as part of the normal aging process. It is unclear why some patients are so much more severely impacted, and at an earlier age, than others.
There is a familial tendency, but no true genetic pattern of inheritance. It is also unclear why some people will have the condition bilaterally (about 50%) whereas others will only have it on one side.
Once a person has osteoarthritis, we know the condition will progress. It will sometimes progress very slowly over the course of several years. Other times, it may progress rapidly over the course of a few months.
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We can slow the progression of the disease in various ways.
These would include weight loss, wearing properly padded shoes and being involved in a low-impact exercise program, with exercises such as riding a stationary bike or road bike, walking in a pool or water aerobics. Walking on a treadmill is easier on arthritic joints than walking on pavement.
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Various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can decrease inflammation and allow for more activity. They all have potential side effects and the longer the NSAIDs are taken and the higher the dose, the more likely the risk of side effects.
Numerous other medications can be given as an injection into the joint. These often do provide relief, but it is typically temporary. With passage of time, the disease will progress and the injections will lose their effectiveness.
A brace on an arthritic knee can provide some pain relief and allow for more activity. A cane or walking stick used in the opposite hand can allow for a more pain-free walk.
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If symptoms progress despite the above measures, the ultimate solution is total joint replacement surgery. Arthroscopic surgery is not effective in treating arthritis of the joint.
The decision to proceed with this surgery is elective and up to the patient.
In general, there are three reasons why it may be time to consider this surgery:
The need for strong pain medication.
The presence of pain at rest, which may interfere with sleep.
The presence of pain that interferes with activity level, particularly walking.
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The surgical technique of total joint replacement has improved significantly over the past several years. Most patients now having the surgery are able to get up and go home the same day.
If you need help with your arthritis pain, whatever level it is at, talk to an orthopaedic physician about your options.
Mark Buseck, M.D., is an orthopedic surgeon practicing at Saint Vincent Hospital.
This article originally appeared on Erie Times-News: Mark Buseck, M.D.: Arthritis relief, treatment, surgery options exist
