Shiite Muslims mark holy day of Ashura with mourning and self-flagellation

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Shiite Muslims across the globe on Tuesday observed Ashura, an annual commemoration mourning the seventh-century martyrdom of a grandson of the Prophet Mohammed.

Imam Hussein bin Ali’s death in the Battle of Karbala in 680 AD is believed to have cemented the split between Shiites – who consider him a rightful successor to the prophet – and Sunnis, the world’s most populous Islamic sect.

Shiites comprise the majority of Muslims in Iran, Iraq and Azerbaijan, with sizable minority populations in a number of countries including Pakistan and India.

Ashura, or “the 10th day,” falls on the 10th day of Muharram, the first month in the Islamic calendar. It is the holiest day for Shiites, many of whom make pilgrimages to a shrine in Karbala, Iraq, traditionally believed to be Hussein’s tomb.

Some Shiites express mourning by beating themselves on the back with chains – intended to connect them with Hussein’s suffering and death as an aid to salvation on the Day of Judgement.

Hussein’s martyrdom is widely interpreted by Shiites as a symbol of the struggle against injustice, tyranny, and oppression.

Symbols of Shiite piety and repentance include red flags for Hussein’s blood and black garments for mourning.

Shiite Muslim devotees self-flagellate during Ashura rituals in New Delhi, India. - Kabir Jhangiani/NurPhoto/Getty Images
Shiite Muslim devotees self-flagellate during Ashura rituals in New Delhi, India. - Kabir Jhangiani/NurPhoto/Getty Images
A devotee marks Ashura in Ahmedabad, India. - Saurabh Sirohiya/NurPhoto/Getty Images
A devotee marks Ashura in Ahmedabad, India. - Saurabh Sirohiya/NurPhoto/Getty Images
A reenactment of the seventh-century Battle of Karbala, in which Imam Hussein was martyred, is held to mark Ashura in Nasiriyah, Iraq. - Haidar Mohammed Ali/Anadolu/Getty Images
A reenactment of the seventh-century Battle of Karbala, in which Imam Hussein was martyred, is held to mark Ashura in Nasiriyah, Iraq. - Haidar Mohammed Ali/Anadolu/Getty Images
A Shiite Muslim self-flagellates with curved knives on chains during an Ashura procession in Bengaluru, India. - Idrees Mohammed/AFP/Getty Images
A Shiite Muslim self-flagellates with curved knives on chains during an Ashura procession in Bengaluru, India. - Idrees Mohammed/AFP/Getty Images
Shiite Muslim women dressed in black mark Ashura in the old quarters of New Delhi, India. - Kabir Jhangiani/NurPhoto/Getty Images
Shiite Muslim women dressed in black mark Ashura in the old quarters of New Delhi, India. - Kabir Jhangiani/NurPhoto/Getty Images
Knives for flagellation rituals up close in Kolkata, India. - Bikas Das/AP
Knives for flagellation rituals up close in Kolkata, India. - Bikas Das/AP
A "zuljanah," an ornately decorated horse representing Hussein's battle stallion, parades through the streets of Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Yawar Nazir/Getty Images
A "zuljanah," an ornately decorated horse representing Hussein's battle stallion, parades through the streets of Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Yawar Nazir/Getty Images
Shiites commemorate Ashura at the shrine of Imam Hussein in Karbala, Iraq. - Ameer Al-Mohammedawi/picture alliance/dpa/Getty Images
Shiites commemorate Ashura at the shrine of Imam Hussein in Karbala, Iraq. - Ameer Al-Mohammedawi/picture alliance/dpa/Getty Images
An Iraqi woman cries as Shiites reenact the Battle of Karbala in Sadr City, Baghdad. - Ahmad Al-Rubaye/AFP/Getty Images
An Iraqi woman cries as Shiites reenact the Battle of Karbala in Sadr City, Baghdad. - Ahmad Al-Rubaye/AFP/Getty Images
Shiites chant religious slogans in Sopore, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Nasir Kachroo/NurPhoto/Getty Images
Shiites chant religious slogans in Sopore, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Nasir Kachroo/NurPhoto/Getty Images
Shiites self-flagellate with chains in Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Tauseef Mustafa/AFP/Getty Images
Shiites self-flagellate with chains in Srinagar, Indian-controlled Kashmir. - Tauseef Mustafa/AFP/Getty Images

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